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This year India is celebrating its 73rd Independence Day. On August 15, 1947, India got independence from the British rule and the establishment of an ‘independent’ state. The day also marked as the partition and formation of two different independent countries, India and Pakistan.
A border was formed to divide the boundaries of both countries. Let us know about the most intense Border between India–Pakistan Border in the world, i.e., Radcliffe Line.
India–Pakistan Border is also known as Radcliffe Line which was established on August 17, 1947. Following the Partition of India, the border demarcates the Indian states and the Pakistani provinces.
The Radcliffe border divides India and Pakistan from each other, wandered a variety of terrains, ranging from major urban areas to inhospitable deserts.
Where it is Located?
The border starts from the Line of Control (LoC) in the north (i.e., between IOK to POK), to the Zero Point (Gujarat and Sindh ) in the south. LoC separates Indian Occupied Kashmir (IOK) from Pakistan Occupied Kashmir (POK).
Why it is Named as Radcliffe?
Radcliffe Line was named after a British lawyer, Sir Cyril Radcliffe, the joint chairman of the two boundaries. He was tasked with the project to equitably divide 4,50,000 km sq of territory with 88 million people in addition to "other factors". These other factors were never officially defined, but are believed to include economic and communication resources, such as irrigation channels and railway lines.
Since the independence of India and Pakistan, the Radcliffe border has been a site of numerous conflicts and wars It is one of the most complex borders in the world.
On 15 July 1947, the Indian Independence Act 1947, stipulated the partition of the Presidencies and provinces of British India into two new sovereign dominions;
- The Union of India
- The Dominion of Pakistan.
Since the Partition was done on the basis of religious demographics, Pakistan was formed as a Muslim homeland, while India remained secular. As the population of Punjab was scattered, Sir Cyril Radcliffe found it difficult to draw a line which would clearly divide Hindus, Muslims and Sikhs.
The newly demarcated borders resulted in one of the biggest human migrations in modern history. 14 million people were displaced from Pakistan to Indian and vice - versa. Also, the partition results in the murder of more than one million people.
